汽机弹簧隔振基础地震反应及弹簧变形分析          下载免费PDF全文

安栋 《地震工程学报》2020,42(6):1444-1450

采用SeismoStruct软件建立有限元模型对某汽轮发电机组弹簧隔振基础进行时程分析，研究弹簧隔振基础的频率振型和地震响应、层间变形、弹簧变形等特性。研究表明，弹簧隔振基础的自振频率较低，竖向自振频率远离机组工作扰频；弹簧隔振装置能够在地震作用时减小台板加速度反应，并根据刚度重新分配水平地震作用，充分发挥立柱的抗震能力。结果表明基础设计符合《建筑抗震设计规范》标准，达到了弹簧隔振抗震的目标，基础设计合理、安全可靠。SeismoStrcut作为有限元分析软件，对汽机基础的模拟能够达到工程需要。  相似文献   

九寨沟Ms7.0地震的同震形变场误差研究及断层滑动分布反演     

庄春晓  王仕祥  王仲想 《测绘与空间地理信息》2020,(3):211-214,224

北京时间2017年8月8日四川省九寨沟发生Ms7.0级地震。为了提高断层滑动分布反演的可靠性,本文利用升降轨InSAR数据联合反演断层滑动分布,再根据模拟形变值二次反演,对比反演结果来探讨升降轨形变场误差和确定断层滑动分布的结果。结果表明,九寨沟升轨同震形变场的质量较好,降轨形变场受余震、震后粘弹性松弛效应影响明显,利用模拟形变值二次反演确定的断层滑动分布可靠性更高。  相似文献   

Quantifying sand delivery to deep water during changing sea-level: Numerical models from the Quaternary Brazos Icehouse continental margin     

Oriol Falivene  Bradford E. Prather  John Martin 《Basin Research》2020,32(6):1711-1733

Sequence stratigraphy for clastic continental margins predicts the development of sand-rich turbidite deposits during specific times in relation to base-level cycles. It is now widely understood that deltas can extend to the shelf-edge forced by high sediment flux and/or base level, providing a direct connection to transfer sediment and sand to the slope and basin floor even during high base level periods. Herein, we build a stratigraphic forward model for the last 120 kyr of the fluvio-deltaic to deep-water Brazos system (USA) where sediment partitioning along an Icehouse continental margin can be evaluated. The reduced-complexity stratigraphic forward model employs geologically constrained input parameters and mass balance. The modelled architecture is consistent with the location of depositional units previously mapped in the shelf. Sand bypasses the shelf and upper slope between 35 to 15 kyr before present and only about 20%–30% of all the sediment and sand supplied to the system is transferred to deep water. Several scenarios based on the initial Brazos model investigate the relationships between base level and deep-water sand ratio (DWSR). DWSR is defined as the relative amount of sand transferred to the deep-water portions of the system subdivided by the total sand input to the model. Linear correlations between DWSR and base level change rates or base level are very poor. Short-term variability due to local processes (for example avulsions) is superimposed to the long-term trends and mask the base level signal. DWSR for an entire base-level cycle is mainly controlled by the proportion of time the delta stays docked at the shelf-edge. Stratigraphic forward models are useful to complement field observations and quantify how different processes control stratigraphy, which is important for making predictions in areas with limited information.  相似文献   

Ephemeral rollover points and clinothem evolution in the modern Po Delta based on repeated bathymetric surveys     

Fabio Trincardi  Alessandro Amorosi  Alessandro Bosman  Annamaria Correggiari  Fantina Madricardo  Claudio Pellegrini 《Basin Research》2020,32(2):402-418

Reconstructions of ancient delta systems rely typically on a two-dimensional (2D) view of prograding clinothems but may miss their three-dimensional (3D) stratigraphic complexity which can, instead, be best documented on modern delta systems by integrating high-resolution geophysical data, historical cartography, core data and geomorphological reconstructions offshore. We quantitatively compare three precisely positioned, high-resolution multi-beam bathymetry maps in the delta front and pro delta sectors (0.3 to 10 m water depth) of Po di Pila, the most active of the modern Po Delta five branches. By investigating the detailed morphology of the prograding modern Po Delta, we shed new light on the mechanisms that control the topset to foreset transition in clinothems and show the temporal and spatial complexity of a delta and its pro delta slope, under the impact of oceanographic processes. This study documents the ephemeral nature of the rollover point at the transition between sandy topset (fluvial, delta plain to mouth-bar) and muddy seaward-dipping foreset deposits advancing, in this case, in >20 m of water depth. Three multibeam surveys, acquired between 2013 and 2016, document the complexity in space and time of the topset and foreset regions and their related morphology, a diagnostic feature that could not be appreciated using solely 2D, even very high-resolution, seismic profiles. In addition, the comparison of bathymetric surveys gathered with one-year lapses shows the migration of subaqueous sand dunes on the clinothem topset, the formation of ephemeral cut-and-fill features at the rollover point (few m below mean sea level), the presence of collapse depressions derived by sagging of sediments and fluid expulsion (possibly induced by storm waves) on the foreset, and splays of sand likely reflecting gravity flows on the lower foreset. Though the modern Po Delta is anthropogenic in many respects, its subaqueous clinothem can be studied as a scale model for ancient clinothems that are less resolved geometrically and far less constrained chronologically.  相似文献   

Flexural deformation controls on Late Quaternary sediment dispersal in the Garo-Rajmahal Gap,NW Bengal Basin     

Jean-Louis Grimaud  Celine Grall  Steven Goodbred  Michael S. Steckler  Ryan Sincavage  Jennifer L. Pickering  Chris Paola  Leonardo Seeber  Md. Saddam Hossain 《Basin Research》2020,32(5):1242-1260

Subsurface deformation is a driver for river path selection when deformation rates become comparable to the autogenic mobility rate of rivers. Here we combine geomorphology, soil and sediment facies analyses, and geophysical data of the Late Quaternary sediments of the central Garo-Rajmahal Gap in Northwest Bengal to link subsurface deformation with surface processes. We show variable sedimentation characteristics, from slow rates (<0.8 mm/year) in the Tista megafan at the foot of the Himalaya to nondeposition at the exposed surface of the Barind Tract to the south, enabling the development of mature soils. Combined subsidence in the Tista fan and uplift of the Barind Tract are consistent with a N-S flexural response of the Indian plate to loading of the Himalaya Mountains given a low value of elastic thickness (15–25 km). Provenance analysis based on bulk strontium concentration suggests a dispersal of sediment consistent with this flexural deformation—in particular the abandonment of the Barind Tract by a Pleistocene Brahmaputra River and the current extents of the Tista megafan lobes. Overall, these results highlight the control by deeply rooted deformation patterns on the routing of sediment by large rivers in foreland settings.  相似文献   

2019年6月17日长宁MS6.0地震前地震活动和水位的加卸载响应比异常研究     

马震  于晨  张小涛  余怀忠 《中国地震》2020,36(3):550-560

加卸载响应比（LURR）方法是通过固体潮加卸载过程中的某一物理参数的响应差异探查区域应力场演化。本文将这一方法应用于2019年6月17日四川长宁M_S6.0地震，根据LURR时序演化探查震源区介质的应力状态变化，提取可能的震前异常信息。首先采用贝尼奥夫应变作为响应量计算LURR，通过固体潮在地震断层面的最优滑动方向上引起的库仑破坏应力变化来判断加载还是卸载，结果显示LURR值自2018年年初开始快速增加并在2018年年中达到峰值，此后异常持续至地震。在此基础上对该地区的大地形变和地下井水位资料进行了LURR分析，发现水富水平摆倾斜仪的东西和南北分量在LURR出现异常的同期发生明显偏转，而地震周边的地下井水位高值变化过程与长宁地震也有较好的对应关系。研究表明在长宁地震发生前，存在地震活动和地下水位的LURR异常，且异常时间与水富倾斜同步，暗示震源区介质存在明显的应力积累过程。  相似文献   

冻融循环对土体强度变形参数的影响          下载免费PDF全文

张渭军 《探矿工程》2020,47(6):86-91

在寒区工程建设中，冻融循环会引起土强度和变形特性发生改变。为了研究多次冻融循环后土的强度和变形参数的变化量，本文以冻融和非冻融的粉质粘土饱和试样为研究对象，通过固结排水三轴剪切试验、三轴等向压缩试验和弹性模量试验，比较了冻融循环对土样强度参数和变形参数的影响。试验结果显示：冻融和非冻融试样的应力—应变关系曲线均呈应变硬化型，对于原状试样冻融作用破坏了其结构性；冻融作用导致土体强度的降低，主要体现在粘聚力的降低，约降低了55.6%；冻融循环对变形参数有明显的影响，其中最明显的是弹性模量的降低，降低了31.2%。该研究结论可为工程冻害处理提供参考，也可为相关研究的数值计算提供试验参数。  相似文献   

The structure,depositional style and accumulation characteristics of continental margin with diachronous breakup in the northern South China Sea     

Yunfan Zhang  Jiangyang Zhang  Lijie Wang 《International Geology Review》2020,62(7-8):1006-1018

ABSTRACT

A typical diachronous breakup developed in the South China Sea (SCS); the breakup has been unequivocally identified, and gradually decreases in age from NE to SW. To illustrate the influence of a diachronous breakup on hydrocarbon accumulation, we used seismic profiles from CNOOC, and analysed crustal extension characteristics, sedimentary style and source rock accumulation. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) Because of the diachronous breakup in the SCS, various tectonic units developed in different positions on the northern continental margin with different degrees of extension. The Pearl River Mouth Basin (PRMB) is closer to the central sea basin of the SCS and has been affected by regional tension stress for a longer time. Tectonic units of proximal domain, necking zone, and distal margin types developed, and the crust structure thinned from the land towards the sea. The Qiongdongnan Basin (QB) is closer to the Southwest Sub-basin. There are symmetrical proximal domains on the southern and northern sides of the QB, with a necking zone in the central part. It presents as an abandoned passive continental margin. (2) The PRMB exhibited rifted cells first, followed by canyon type extensional faulting and horizontal axial transportation, and then by a longitudinal shelf-slope sedimentary style. But the QB has only rifted cells and canyon type faulting stages, no longitudinal shelf-slope sedimentary stage. The major source rocks in the northern SCS become younger from east to west, and the sedimentary facies change from lacustrine facies to marine-continental transitional facies. (3) The diachronous breakup process ultimately affecting oil and gas migration and accumulation process. The PRMB is dominated by deep-water shelf break accumulation with deep-water fan reservoir bodies. The QB is dominated by canyon type accumulation with channels.  相似文献   

蔚县矿区地面沉陷InSAR多维形变监测     

杜建涛  闫丽  赵超英 《煤田地质与勘探》2020,48(1):168-173

河北蔚县是我国华北地区最大的地下采煤区之一，该地区长期存在采矿塌陷灾害，不仅威胁采矿安全，而且严重破坏当地生态环境。本文基于合成孔径雷达干涉（InSAR）这一新型空间对地观测技术，采用61景Sentinel-1A/B干涉宽幅（Interferometric Wide swath，IW）模式数据进行矿区形变观测，获取整个矿区在2017—2018年间的地表形变空间分布特征，并对矿区地表的沉降量级及面积进行详细的统计分析。此外，采用融合多轨道SAR数据的多维形变时序估计方法，对西细庄矿数据进行东西向和垂向的二维形变分解，获取该矿的二维形变时间序列。结果表明:除南留庄井田外，其余三大井田在监测期间均存在不同程度的地面沉陷灾害；整个矿区年沉陷速率超过-10 cm/a的区域达到了2.16 km2；受成像几何影响，不同轨道数据获取的形变结果存在一定差异；西细庄矿以垂向形变为主，伴随明显的东西向水平形变。研究结果为蔚县矿区地面沉陷监测与煤矿安全开采提供数据参考。   相似文献   

村镇滑移隔震建筑瞬时摩擦耗能的参数敏感性分析          下载免费PDF全文

孙敏  王锦燕  孙光林 《世界地震工程》2020,(3):100-108

给出了村镇滑移隔震建筑瞬时摩擦耗能的概念，并以此概念为响应指标。通过极差大小的对比，分析了该响应指标对刚度比、第二阶段刚度系数、隔震层屈服位移、隔震层摩擦系数、系统质量比和上部结构自振周期六个参数变化的敏感程度，阐述了上述系统参数对瞬时摩擦耗能这一响应指标的影响规律。研究表明:场地条件和地震动幅值大小对瞬时摩擦耗能均有显著影响；在所考虑的参数范围内，上部结构自振周期总是对瞬时摩擦耗能有较为显著的影响，摩擦系数对瞬时摩擦耗能的影响跟场地条件有关，Ⅰ类场地条件中摩擦系数对瞬时摩擦耗能影响不显著，而Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ类场地条件中，摩擦系数对瞬时摩擦耗能的影响则非常显著；隔震层屈服位移、刚度比和第二阶段刚度系数总得来讲对瞬时摩擦耗能影响不显著，质量比对瞬时摩擦耗能影响居中。  相似文献